A Novel Approach for Secure and Efficient VANET Communication: Integrating Clustering, Curve Fitting, and Fog Computing

doi:10.23940/ijpe.24.09.p5.572580

Abstract

Abstract: In this study, we propose a novel approach to enhance the security and efficiency of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) by integrating user authentication and cluster-based routing. The proposed method is divided into two segments. The first segment focuses on user authentication using a curve fitting technique, implemented via MATLAB simulation. Nodes are randomly deployed with geostationary coordinates and node keys. These nodes are clustered based on their geographical locations, and their legitimacy is verified using curve fitting. This ensures that only authenticated nodes participate in the network, thereby enhancing security and reliability. The second segment employs a modified Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol for routing, adapted to the clustered network structure. Route Requests (RREQs) are sent to Zone Heads (ZH) for validation and then forwarded to Cluster Heads (CH), where idle and execution costs are calculated based on buffer states and execution capacities. The proposed method also incorporates fog computing to enable localized data processing, reducing latency and improving scalability. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated through extensive simulations, measuring key metrics such as throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), and latency. Results show that the proposed method achieves a throughput of 8367.141811 packets per second, a PDR of 0.83336875, and a latency of 6.606503751 seconds, outperforming state-of-the-art algorithms by significant margins. Specifically, the proposed method demonstrates a 7.5% improvement in throughput over Khudhair et al. and a 12.9% improvement over Ahmad et al. In terms of PDR, it shows an 8.8% increase over Khudhair et al. and a 7.1% increase over Ahmad et al. The latency reduction compared to these algorithms is 9.1% and 10.5%, respectively. These enhancements are attributed to the efficient clustering and authentication mechanisms, along with the integration of fog computing. The proposed method thus provides a comprehensive solution for secure and efficient VANET communication, paving the way for advanced intelligent transportation systems.

Key words: VANET, user authentication, curve fitting, AODV, clustering, fog computing, throughput, packet delivery ratio

Anshu Devi, Ramesh Kait, and Virender Ranga. A Novel Approach for Secure and Efficient VANET Communication: Integrating Clustering, Curve Fitting, and Fog Computing [J]. Int J Performability Eng, 2024, 20(9): 572-580.

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