Mobile-MultiSink Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

doi:10.23940/ijpe.17.06.p17.966974

Abstract

Abstract: Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are increasingly applied to explore underwater environments and resources. Some characteristics of mobile UWSNs, such as energy restriction, low transmission rate, node mobility and multiplicity, affect networks' performance significantly. In this paper, a Mobile-MultiSink (MMS) routing protocol is proposed for UWSNs with multiple mobile sink nodes. In the proposed MMS routing protocol, sensor nodes report events to multiple sink nodes using dynamic routing. There are two phases in this protocol, the layering phase and the construction phase. In the layering phase, each sink node establishes a layered structure, which needs to be refreshed periodically. Taking into consideration that the packet delivery rate (PDR) will reduce because of the mobility of nodes, we stipulate that every sink node should refresh its layered structure every time the PDR comes below a critical value. In the communication phase, the intermediate relay nodes are selected to forward data to the target sink node. This phase contains the selection of target sink node and the selection of relay nodes. We evaluate the performance of MMS using NS-3. Our findings demonstrate that the proposed protocol has better packet delivery rate and lower energy consumption in UWSNs with multiple mobile sink nodes.

Submitted on April 29, 2017; Revised on July 12, 2017; Accepted on August 23, 2017
References: 19

Zhuo Wang, Yancheng Sui, Xiaoning Feng, and Jiajie Liu. Mobile-MultiSink Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks [J]. Int J Performability Eng, 2017, 13(6): 966-974.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

References 0

	N. Aitsaadi, N. Achir, K. Boussetta and G. Pujolle, "Differentiated underwater sensor network deployment", OCEANS, pp.1-6,2007
	I. F. Akyildiz, W. Su and Y. Sankarasubramaniam, "Wireless sensor networks: a survey", Computer networks, vol. 38, no.4, pp.393-422, 2002
	M. Ayaz, A. Abdullah, "Hop-by-hop dynamic addressing based (H2-DAB) routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks", in Proc. of International Conference on Information and Multimedia Technology, pp. 436-441, 2009
	M. Ayaz, I. Baig, A. Abdullah and I. Faye, "A survey on routing techniques in underwater wireless sensor networks", Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 34, no.6, pp. 1908-1927, 2011
	J. Chen, X. Wu and G. Chen, "REBAR: A Reliable and Energy Balanced Routing Algorithm for UWSNs", in Proc. of International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing, pp. 349-355, 2008
	Y. S. Chen, Y. W. Lin, "Mobicast Routing Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks", Sensors Journal, vol. 13, no.2, pp. 737-749, 2013
	S. Gopi, G. Kannan., D. Chander, U. B. Desai and S. N. Merchant, "PULRP: Path unaware layered routing protocol for underwater sensor networks", in Proc. of International Conference on Communications, pp. 3141-3145, 2008
	S. Gopi, K. Govindan, D. Chander, U. B. Desai and S. N. Merchant, "E-PULRP: Energy optimized path unaware layered routing protocol for underwater sensor networks", IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 9, no.11, pp. 3391-3401, 2010
	J. M. Jornet, M. Stojanovic and M. Zorzi, "REBAR: A Reliable and Energy Balanced Routing Algorithm for UWSNs", in Proceedings of the third ACM international workshop on Underwater Networks, pp. 75-82, 2008
	D. Kornack and P. Rakic, "Cell Proliferation without Neurogenesis in Adult Primate Neocortex", Science, vol. 294, no.5549, pp. 2127-2130, 2001
	T. Li, "Multi-sink opportunistic routing protocol for underwater mesh network", in Proc. of International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems, pp. 405-409, 2008
	W. Liang, H. Yu, L. Liu, B. Li and C. Che, "Information-carrying based routing protocol for underwater acoustic sensor network", in Proc. of International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, pp. 729-734, 2007
	U. Lee, J. Kong, M. Gerla, J. S. Park and E. Magistretti, "Time-critical underwater sensor diffusion with no proactive exchanges and negligible reactive floods", Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 5, no.6, pp. 609-615, 2007
	T. Liu, Q. Li and P. Liang, "An energy-balancing clustering approach for gradient-based routing in wireless sensor networks", Computer Communications, vol. 35, no.17, pp. 2150-2161,2012
	C. D. Mari, "Overview of channel models for underwater wireless communication networks", Physical Communication, vol. 1, no.3, pp. 163-182, 2008
	N. Nicolaou, A. See, P. Xie, J. H. Cui and D. Maggiorini, "Improving the robustness of location-based routing for underwater sensor networks", OCEANS, pp. 1–6, 2007
	Y. Noh, U. Lee., P. Wang, B.S.C. Choi and M. Gerla, "VAPR: Void-Aware Pressure Routing for Underwater Sensor Networks", Mobile Computing, vol. 12, no.5, pp. 895-908, 2012
	J. Partan, J. Kurose, B. N. Levine, "A survey of practical issues in underwater networks", ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review, vol. 11, no.4, pp. 22-33, 2007
	The Network Simulator – ns-3, "http://www.nsnam.org/"